Month: May 2020

How to keep processes running after ending ssh session

Then you are running a program in a remote server over telnet, ssh, etc, the program will be killed when your connection is closed.

A way to avoid it is using the screen program:

$ screen

$ ./my-app

Ctrl-A and then Ctrl-D

$ exit

You can reconnect to the server you can attach back to your application using the command:

$ screen -r

Source: https://medium.com/@arnab.k/how-to-keep-processes-running-after-ending-ssh-session-c836010b26a3

Creating call graph function for C program compiled with GCC

I was looking for a way to see how functions flow in a program.

After some search I found this nice post:

m0agx.eu/2016/12/15/making-call-graphs-with-gcc-egypt-and-cflow/

Then I downloaded egypt-1.10.tar.gz, decompressed it and run:

$ perl Makefile.PL
$ make
$ sudo make install

Then I added this flag: -fdump-rtl-expand to gcc compilation. It created many files.expand at Debug/ directory. The final command was:

$ egypt ./Debug/sources/*.expand ./Debug/sources/ext_monitor_system/*.expand ./Debug/sources/cJSON/*.expand ./Debug/sources/notification/*.expand ./Debug/sources/accessctl_perm_check/*.expand ./Debug/sources/coap_dev_resource/*.expand | dot -Gsize=15000,15000 -Grankdir=LR -Tpng -o /tmp/callgraph.png

New OSTest for comparison

nsh> ostest
stdio_test: write fd=1
stdio_test: Standard I/O Check: printf
stdio_test: write fd=2
stdio_test: Standard I/O Check: fprintf to stderr
ostest_main: putenv(Variable1=BadValue3)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable1, GoodValue1, TRUE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable2, BadValue1, FALSE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable2, GoodValue2, TRUE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable3, Variable3, FALSE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable3, Variable3, FALSE)
show_variable: Variable=Variable1 has value=GoodValue1
show_variable: Variable=Variable2 has value=GoodValue2
show_variable: Variable=Variable3 has value=GoodValue3
ostest_main: Started user_main at PID=3

user_main: Begin argument test
user_main: Started with argc=5
user_main: argv[0]=””
user_main: argv[1]=”Arg1″
user_main: argv[2]=”Arg2″
user_main: argv[3]=”Arg3″
user_main: argv[4]=”Arg4″

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 2 2
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4bd0 4bd0
fordblks 195d0 195d0
show_variable: Variable=Variable1 has value=GoodValue1
show_variable: Variable=Variable2 has value=GoodValue2
show_variable: Variable=Variable3 has value=GoodValue3
show_variable: Variable=Variable1 has no value
show_variable: Variable=Variable2 has value=GoodValue2
show_variable: Variable=Variable3 has value=GoodValue3

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 2 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4bd0 4bc0
fordblks 195d0 195e0
show_variable: Variable=Variable1 has no value
show_variable: Variable=Variable2 has no value
show_variable: Variable=Variable3 has no value

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4bc0 4b80
fordblks 195e0 19620

user_main: setvbuf test
setvbuf_test: Test NO buffering
setvbuf_test: Using NO buffering
setvbuf_test: Test default FULL buffering
setvbuf_test: Using default FULL buffering
setvbuf_test: Test FULL buffering, buffer size 64
setvbuf_test: Using FULL buffering, buffer size 64
setvbuf_test: Test FULL buffering, pre-allocated buffer
setvbuf_test: Using FULL buffering, pre-allocated buffer
setvbuf_test: Test LINE buffering, buffer size 64
setvbuf_test: Using LINE buffering, buffer size 64
setvbuf_test: Test FULL buffering, pre-allocated buffer
setvbuf_test: Using FULL buffering, pre-allocated buffer

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4b80 4b80
fordblks 19620 19620

user_main: /dev/null test
dev_null: Read 0 bytes from /dev/null
dev_null: Wrote 1024 bytes to /dev/null

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4b80 4b80
fordblks 19620 19620

user_main: task_restart test

Test task_restart()
restart_main: setenv(VarName, VarValue, TRUE)
restart_main: Started restart_main at PID=4
restart_main: Started with argc=4
restart_main: argv[0]=””
restart_main: argv[1]=”This is argument 1″
restart_main: argv[2]=”Argument 2 here”
restart_main: argv[3]=”Lastly, the 3rd argument”
restart_main: Variable=VarName has value=VarValue
restart_main: I am still here
restart_main: I am still here
restart_main: Started with argc=4
restart_main: argv[0]=””
restart_main: argv[1]=”This is argument 1″
restart_main: argv[2]=”Argument 2 here”
restart_main: argv[3]=”Lastly, the 3rd argument”
restart_main: Variable=VarName has value=VarValue
restart_main: Exiting

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 4
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4b80 6c90
fordblks 19620 17510

user_main: waitpid test

Test waitpid()
waitpid_start_child: Started waitpid_main at PID=5
waitpid_main: PID 5 Started
waitpid_start_child: Started waitpid_main at PID=6
waitpid_main: PID 6 Started
waitpid_start_child: Started waitpid_main at PID=7
waitpid_main: PID 7 Started
waitpid_test: Waiting for PID=5 with waitpid()
waitpid_main: PID 5 exitting with result=14
waitpid_test: PID 5 waitpid succeeded with stat_loc=0e00
waitpid_last: Waiting for PID=7 with waitpid()
waitpid_main: PID 6 exitting with result=14
waitpid_main: PID 7 exitting with result=14
waitpid_last: PASS: PID 7 waitpid succeeded with stat_loc=0e00

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 5
mxordblk 15910 118f0
uordblks 6c90 ae70
fordblks 17510 13330

user_main: mutex test
Initializing mutex
Starting thread 1
Starting thread 2
Thread1 Thread2
Loops 32 32
Errors 0 0

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 5 4
mxordblk 118f0 15910
uordblks ae70 5d80
fordblks 13330 18420

user_main: timed mutex test
mutex_test: Initializing mutex
mutex_test: Starting thread
pthread: Started
pthread: Waiting for lock or timeout
mutex_test: Unlocking
pthread: Got the lock
pthread: Waiting for lock or timeout
pthread: Got the timeout. Terminating
mutex_test: PASSED

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5d80 5490
fordblks 18420 18d10

user_main: pthread-specific data test
Starting thread

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5490 5490
fordblks 18d10 18d10

user_main: cancel test
cancel_test: Test 1a: Normal Cancellation
cancel_test: Starting thread
start_thread: Initializing mutex
start_thread: Initializing cond
start_thread: Starting thread
sem_waiter: Taking mutex
start_thread: Yielding
sem_waiter: Starting wait for condition
cancel_test: Canceling thread
cancel_test: Joining
cancel_test: waiter exited with result=0xffffffff
cancel_test: PASS thread terminated with PTHREAD_CANCELED
cancel_test: Test 2: Asynchronous Cancellation
… Skipped
cancel_test: Test 3: Cancellation of detached thread
cancel_test: Re-starting thread
restart_thread: Destroying cond
restart_thread: Destroying mutex
restart_thread: Re-starting thread
start_thread: Initializing mutex
start_thread: Initializing cond
start_thread: Starting thread
sem_waiter: Taking mutex
start_thread: Yielding
sem_waiter: Starting wait for condition
cancel_test: Canceling thread
cancel_test: Joining
cancel_test: PASS pthread_join failed with status=ESRCH
cancel_test: Test 5: Non-cancelable threads
cancel_test: Re-starting thread (non-cancelable)
restart_thread: Destroying cond
restart_thread: Destroying mutex
restart_thread: Re-starting thread
start_thread: Initializing mutex
start_thread: Initializing cond
start_thread: Starting thread
sem_waiter: Taking mutex
start_thread: Yielding
sem_waiter: Starting wait for condition
sem_waiter: Setting non-cancelable
cancel_test: Canceling thread
cancel_test: Joining
sem_waiter: Releasing mutex
sem_waiter: Setting cancelable
cancel_test: waiter exited with result=0xffffffff
cancel_test: PASS thread terminated with PTHREAD_CANCELED
cancel_test: Test 6: Cancel message queue wait
cancel_test: Starting thread (cancelable)
Skipped
cancel_test: Test 7: Cancel signal wait
cancel_test: Starting thread (cancelable)
Skipped

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5490 6c90
fordblks 18d10 17510

user_main: robust test
robust_test: Initializing mutex
robust_test: Starting thread
robust_waiter: Taking mutex
robust_waiter: Exiting with mutex
robust_test: Take the lock again
robust_test: Make the mutex consistent again.
robust_test: Take the lock again
robust_test: Joining
robust_test: waiter exited with result=0
robust_test: Test complete with nerrors=0

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6c90 6c90
fordblks 17510 17510

user_main: semaphore test
sem_test: Initializing semaphore to 0
sem_test: Starting waiter thread 1
sem_test: Set thread 1 priority to 191
waiter_func: Thread 1 Started
sem_test: Starting waiter thread 2
waiter_func: Thread 1 initial semaphore value = 0
sem_test: Set thread 2 priority to 128
waiter_func: Thread 1 waiting on semaphore
waiter_func: Thread 2 Started
sem_test: Starting poster thread 3
waiter_func: Thread 2 initial semaphore value = -1
sem_test: Set thread 3 priority to 64
waiter_func: Thread 2 waiting on semaphore
poster_func: Thread 3 started
poster_func: Thread 3 semaphore value = -2
poster_func: Thread 3 posting semaphore
waiter_func: Thread 1 awakened
poster_func: Thread 3 new semaphore value = -1
waiter_func: Thread 1 new semaphore value = -1
poster_func: Thread 3 semaphore value = -1
waiter_func: Thread 1 done
poster_func: Thread 3 posting semaphore
waiter_func: Thread 2 awakened
poster_func: Thread 3 new semaphore value = 0
waiter_func: Thread 2 new semaphore value = 0
poster_func: Thread 3 done
waiter_func: Thread 2 done

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 5
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6c90 6670
fordblks 17510 17b30

user_main: timed semaphore test
semtimed_test: Initializing semaphore to 0
semtimed_test: Waiting for two second timeout
semtimed_test: PASS: first test returned timeout
BEFORE: (946684877 sec, 14370000 nsec)
AFTER: (946684879 sec, 24370000 nsec)
semtimed_test: Starting poster thread
semtimed_test: Set thread 1 priority to 191
semtimed_test: Starting poster thread 3
semtimed_test: Set thread 3 priority to 64
semtimed_test: Waiting for two second timeout
poster_func: Waiting for 1 second
poster_func: Posting
semtimed_test: PASS: sem_timedwait succeeded
BEFORE: (946684879 sec, 24370000 nsec)
AFTER: (946684880 sec, 44370000 nsec)

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 5 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6670 5490
fordblks 17b30 18d10

user_main: condition variable test
cond_test: Initializing mutex
cond_test: Initializing cond
cond_test: Starting waiter
cond_test: Set thread 1 priority to 128
waiter_thread: Started
cond_test: Starting signaler
cond_test: Set thread 2 priority to 64
thread_signaler: Started
thread_signaler: Terminating
cond_test: signaler terminated, now cancel the waiter
cond_test: Waiter Signaler
cond_test: Loops 32 32
cond_test: Errors 0 0
cond_test:
cond_test: 0 times, waiter did not have to wait for data
cond_test: 0 times, data was already available when the signaler run
cond_test: 0 times, the waiter was in an unexpected state when the signaler ran

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 5
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5490 5490
fordblks 18d10 18d10

user_main: pthread_rwlock test
pthread_rwlock: Initializing rwlock

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 5 4
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5490 5d80
fordblks 18d10 18420

user_main: pthread_rwlock_cancel test
pthread_rwlock_cancel: Starting test

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5d80 4ba0
fordblks 18420 19600

user_main: timed wait test
thread_waiter: Initializing mutex
timedwait_test: Initializing cond
timedwait_test: Starting waiter
timedwait_test: Set thread 2 priority to 177
thread_waiter: Taking mutex
timedwait_test: Joining
thread_waiter: Starting 5 second wait for condition
thread_waiter: pthread_cond_timedwait timed out
thread_waiter: Releasing mutex
thread_waiter: Exit with status 0x12345678
timedwait_test: waiter exited with result=0x12345678

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4ba0 5490
fordblks 19600 18d10

user_main: message queue test
mqueue_test: Starting receiver
mqueue_test: Set receiver priority to 128
receiver_thread: Starting
mqueue_test: Starting sender
mqueue_test: Set sender thread priority to 64
mqueue_test: Waiting for sender to complete
sender_thread: Starting
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 0
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 0
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 1
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 1
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 2
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 2
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 3
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 3
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 4
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 4
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 5
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 5
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 6
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 6
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 7
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 7
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 8
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 8
receiver_thread: mq_receive succeeded on msg 9
sender_thread: mq_send succeeded on msg 9
sender_thread: returning nerrors=0
mqueue_test: Killing receiver
receiver_thread: mq_receive interrupted!
receiver_thread: returning nerrors=0
mqueue_test: Canceling receiver
mqueue_test: receiver has already terminated

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 4
mxordblk 15910 13900
uordblks 5490 8de0
fordblks 18d10 153c0

user_main: timed message queue test
timedmqueue_test: Starting sender
sender_thread: Starting
timedmqueue_test: Waiting for sender to complete
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 0
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 1
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 2
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 3
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 4
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 5
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 6
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 7
sender_thread: mq_timedsend succeeded on msg 8
sender_thread: mq_timedsend 9 timed out as expected
sender_thread: returning nerrors=0
timedmqueue_test: Starting receiver
receiver_thread: Starting
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 0
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 1
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 2
timedmqueue_test: Waiting for receiver to complete
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 3
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 4
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 5
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 6
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 7
receiver_thread: mq_timedreceive succeeded on msg 8
receiver_thread: Receive 9 timed out as expected
receiver_thread: returning nerrors=0
timedmqueue_test: Test complete

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 4
mxordblk 13900 15910
uordblks 8de0 6cf0
fordblks 153c0 174b0

user_main: sigprocmask test
sigprocmask_test: SUCCESS

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 4
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6cf0 6cf0
fordblks 174b0 174b0

user_main: signal handler test
sighand_test: Initializing semaphore to 0
sighand_test: Starting waiter task
sighand_test: Started waiter_main pid=41
waiter_main: Waiter started
waiter_main: Unmasking signal 17
waiter_main: Registering signal handler
waiter_main: oact.sigaction=0 oact.sa_flags=0 oact.sa_mask=0
waiter_main: Waiting on semaphore
sighand_test: Signaling pid=41 with signo=17 sigvalue=42
wakeup_action: Received signal 17
wakeup_action: sival_int=42
wakeup_action: si_code=1
wakeup_action: ucontext=0
waiter_main: sem_wait() successfully interrupted by signal
waiter_main: done
sighand_test: done

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 4
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6cf0 6cf0
fordblks 174b0 174b0

user_main: nested signal handler test
signest_test: Starting signal waiter task at priority 101
signest_test: Started waiter_main pid=42
waiter_main: Waiter started
signest_test: Starting interfering task at priority 102
waiter_main: Setting signal mask
signest_test: Started interfere_main pid=43
interfere_main: Waiting on semaphore
waiter_main: Registering signal handler
waiter_main: Waiting on semaphore
signest_test: Simple case:
Total signalled 600 Odd=300 Even=300
Total handled 600 Odd=300 Even=300
Total nested 0 Odd=0 Even=0
signest_test: With task locking
Total signalled 1200 Odd=600 Even=600
Total handled 1200 Odd=600 Even=600
Total nested 0 Odd=0 Even=0
signest_test: With intefering thread
Total signalled 1800 Odd=900 Even=900
Total handled 1800 Odd=900 Even=900
Total nested 0 Odd=0 Even=0
signest_test: done

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 4
mxordblk 15910 13900
uordblks 6cf0 8f30
fordblks 174b0 15270

user_main: POSIX timer test
timer_test: Initializing semaphore to 0
timer_test: Unmasking signal 17
timer_test: Registering signal handler
timer_test: oact.sigaction=0 oact.sa_flags=0 oact.sa_mask=0
timer_test: Creating timer
timer_test: Starting timer
timer_test: Waiting on semaphore
timer_expiration: Received signal 17
timer_expiration: sival_int=42
timer_expiration: si_code=2 (SI_TIMER)
timer_expiration: ucontext=0
timer_test: sem_wait() successfully interrupted by signal
timer_test: g_nsigreceived=1
timer_test: Waiting on semaphore
timer_expiration: Received signal 17
timer_expiration: sival_int=42
timer_expiration: si_code=2 (SI_TIMER)
timer_expiration: ucontext=0
timer_test: sem_wait() successfully interrupted by signal
timer_test: g_nsigreceived=2
timer_test: Waiting on semaphore
timer_expiration: Received signal 17
timer_expiration: sival_int=42
timer_expiration: si_code=2 (SI_TIMER)
timer_expiration: ucontext=0
timer_test: sem_wait() successfully interrupted by signal
timer_test: g_nsigreceived=3
timer_test: Waiting on semaphore
timer_expiration: Received signal 17
timer_expiration: sival_int=42
timer_expiration: si_code=2 (SI_TIMER)
timer_expiration: ucontext=0
timer_test: sem_wait() successfully interrupted by signal
timer_test: g_nsigreceived=4
timer_test: Waiting on semaphore
timer_expiration: Received signal 17
timer_expiration: sival_int=42
timer_expiration: si_code=2 (SI_TIMER)
timer_expiration: ucontext=0
timer_test: sem_wait() successfully interrupted by signal
timer_test: g_nsigreceived=5
timer_test: Deleting timer
timer_test: done

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 4
mxordblk 13900 13900
uordblks 8f30 8f30
fordblks 15270 15270

user_main: round-robin scheduler test
rr_test: Set thread priority to 1
rr_test: Set thread policy to SCHED_RR
rr_test: Starting first get_primes_thread
First get_primes_thread: 44
rr_test: Starting second get_primes_thread
Second get_primes_thread: 45
rr_test: Waiting for threads to complete — this should take awhile
If RR scheduling is working, they should start and complete at
about the same time
get_primes_thread id=1 started, looking for primes < 10000, doing 10 run(s)
get_primes_thread id=2 started, looking for primes < 10000, doing 10 run(s)
get_primes_thread id=1 finished, found 1230 primes, last one was 9973
get_primes_thread id=2 finished, found 1230 primes, last one was 9973
rr_test: Done

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 5
mxordblk 13900 15910
uordblks 8f30 5f30
fordblks 15270 18270

user_main: barrier test
barrier_test: Initializing barrier
barrier_func: Thread 0 started
barrier_test: Thread 0 created
barrier_func: Thread 1 started
barrier_test: Thread 1 created
barrier_func: Thread 2 started
barrier_test: Thread 2 created
barrier_func: Thread 3 started
barrier_test: Thread 3 created
barrier_func: Thread 4 started
barrier_test: Thread 4 created
barrier_func: Thread 5 started
barrier_test: Thread 5 created
barrier_func: Thread 6 started
barrier_test: Thread 6 created
barrier_func: Thread 7 started
barrier_test: Thread 7 created
barrier_func: Thread 0 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 1 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 2 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 3 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 4 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 5 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 6 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 7 calling pthread_barrier_wait()
barrier_func: Thread 7, back with status=PTHREAD_BARRIER_SERIAL_THREAD (I AM SPECIAL)
barrier_func: Thread 0, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 1, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 2, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 3, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 4, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 5, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 6, back with status=0 (I am not special)
barrier_func: Thread 7 done
barrier_func: Thread 0 done
barrier_func: Thread 1 done
barrier_func: Thread 2 done
barrier_test: Thread 0 completed with result=0
barrier_test: Thread 1 completed with result=0
barrier_test: Thread 2 completed with result=0
barrier_func: Thread 3 done
barrier_func: Thread 4 done
barrier_test: Thread 3 completed with result=0
barrier_test: Thread 4 completed with result=0
barrier_func: Thread 5 done
barrier_func: Thread 6 done
barrier_test: Thread 5 completed with result=0
barrier_test: Thread 6 completed with result=0
barrier_test: Thread 7 completed with result=0

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 5 8
mxordblk 15910 148f0
uordblks 5f30 94d0
fordblks 18270 14cd0

user_main: vfork() test
vfork_test: Child 58 ran successfully

Final memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 2 5
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4bd0 6e50
fordblks 195d0 17350
user_main: Exiting
ostest_main: Exiting with status 0
nsh>

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘Crypto’

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/app/tools/gen_fw_json.py", line 4, in
from Crypto.Cipher import AES
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'Crypto'
make[1]: *** [makefile:58: post-build] Error 1
make: *** [makefile:46: ipcontroller-gateif.elf] Error 2
"make -j4 all" terminated with exit code 2. Build might be incomplete.

Solution:

$ sudo apt install python3-pip
$ sudo pip3 install pycryptodome==3.4.3

Based on this thread: https://github.com/openthread/openthread/issues/1137

Eclipse remote gdbserver debug error

I was getting this error:

Error during file upload.
Could not write file: /siam/IPController/ipcontroller/Design/firmware/ipcontroller/app/Debug/ipcontroller.
Failure
Could not write file: /siam/IPController/ipcontroller/Design/firmware/ipcontroller/app/Debug/ipcontroller.
Could not write file: /siam/IPController/ipcontroller/Design/firmware/ipcontroller/app/Debug/ipcontroller

Searching in the internet I found this thread: https://www.toradex.cn/community/questions/28902/getting-started-debug-using-eclipse-error.html

But with no solution.

After many hours debugging it with no progress (because Eclipse doesn’t show what is happening behind the scene), I decided to run gdbserver and gdb manually like I did some years ago: https://acassis.wordpress.com/2013/02/11/how-to-use-gdb-to-revert-engineering-the-ip-camera-firmware/

Then to my surprise the command “arm-linux-gnueabihf-gdb” failed to run reporting that didn’t find “libncurses5.so.5” lib.

Then I installed the right package:

$ sudo apt install libncurses5

And the eclipse worked to debug.

It is strange because I already had the libncurses5-dev package installed.

Testing NuttX Low Power Modes

NuttShell (NSH) NuttX-9.0.0
nsh> alarm -a 0 100
alarm_daemon started
alarm_daemon: Running
Opening /dev/rtc0
Alarm 0 set in 100 seconds
nsh> stm32_idlepm: newstate= 1 oldstate=0
stm32_idlepm: idle

nsh> stm32_idlepm: newstate= 0 oldstate=1
stm32_idlepm: normal
stm32_idlepm: newstate= 1 oldstate=0
stm32_idlepm: idle
alarm_demon: alarm 0 received
stm32_idlepm: newstate= 0 oldstate=1
stm32_idlepm: normal
stm32_idlepm: newstate= 1 oldstate=0
stm32_idlepm: idle
stm32_idlepm: newstate= 2 oldstate=1
stm32_idlepm: standby

Running NuttX ostest on Nucleo-L476RG board

NuttX is an very good system testing called ostest.

We can try it on Nucleo-L476RG board:

NuttShell (NSH) NuttX-9.0.0
nsh> ?
help usage: help [-v] []

[ cd dd help mkdir mw sh uname
? cp echo hexdump mkrd pwd sleep umount
basename cmp exec kill mh rm test unset
break dirname exit ls mount rmdir time usleep
cat date false mb mv set true xd

Builtin Apps:
rand ostest nsh alarm
nsh> ostest
stdio_test: write fd=1
stdio_test: Standard I/O Check: printf
stdio_test: write fd=2
stdio_test: Standard I/O Check: fprintf to stderr
ostest_main: putenv(Variable1=BadValue3)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable1, GoodValue1, TRUE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable2, BadValue1, FALSE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable2, GoodValue2, TRUE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable3, Variable3, FALSE)
ostest_main: setenv(Variable3, Variable3, FALSE)
show_variable: Variable=Variable1 has value=GoodValue1
show_variable: Variable=Variable2 has value=GoodValue2
show_variable: Variable=Variable3 has value=GoodValue3
ostest_main: Started user_main at PID=3

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4bc0 4b80
fordblks 195e0 19620

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4b80 4b80
fordblks 19620 19620

user_main: /dev/null test
dev_null: Read 0 bytes from /dev/null
dev_null: Wrote 1024 bytes to /dev/null

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4b80 4b80
fordblks 19620 19620

user_main: task_restart test

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 4
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 4b80 6c90
fordblks 19620 17510

user_main: waitpid test

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 5
mxordblk 15910 118f0
uordblks 6c90 ae70
fordblks 17510 13330

user_main: mutex test
Initializing mutex
Starting thread 1
Starting thread 2
Thread1 Thread2
Loops 32 32
Errors 0 0

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 5 4
mxordblk 118f0 15910
uordblks ae70 5d80
fordblks 13330 18420

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 4 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5d80 5490
fordblks 18420 18d10

user_main: pthread-specific data test
Starting thread

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5490 5490
fordblks 18d10 18d10

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 5490 6c90
fordblks 18d10 17510

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 3
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6c90 6c90
fordblks 17510 17510

End of test memory usage:
VARIABLE BEFORE AFTER
======== ======== ========
arena 1e1a0 1e1a0
ordblks 3 5
mxordblk 15910 15910
uordblks 6c90 6670
fordblks 17510 17b30

user_main: timed semaphore test
semtimed_test: Initializing semaphore to 0
semtimed_test: Waiting for two second timeout
semtimed_test: PASS: first test returned timeout
BEFORE: (946686238 sec, 690000000 nsec)
AFTER: (946686240 sec, 700000000 nsec)
semtimed_test: Starting poster thread
semtimed_test: Set thread 1 priority to 191
semtimed_test: Starting poster thread 3
semtimed_test: Set thread 3 priority to 64
semtimed_test: Waiting for two second timeout
poster_func: Waiting for 1 second
poster_func: Posting
semtimed_test: PASS: sem_timedwait succeeded
BEFORE: (946686240 sec, 700000000 nsec)
AFTER: (946686241 sec, 720000000 nsec)